Jesus brings us out of our exile (Satterlee). Is Christmas over? There is a danger that we might exile the post-Christmas Christ. Check out “It is Not Over” poem by Ann Weems.
Isaiah 63:7-9 – It was no messenger or angel but the presence of the Lord that saved them.
Psalm 148 – Praise the Lord you heavens and heights, sea monsters and all deeps…
Hebrews 2:10-18 – Since, therefore, the children share flesh and blood, he himself likewise shared the same things, so that through death he might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil, and free those who all their lives were held in slavery by the fear of death. For it is clear that he did not come to help angels, but the descendants of Abraham. Therefore he had to become like his brothers and sisters in every respect, so that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in the service of God, to make a sacrifice of atonement for the sins of the people. Because he himself was tested by what he suffered, he is able to help those who are being tested.
Matthew 2:13-23 – The exile into Egypt.
Prayer of the Day
O Lord God, you know that we cannot place our trust in our own powers. As you protected the infant Jesus, so defend us and all the needy from harm and adversity, through Jesus Christ, our Savior and Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and forever.
Jesus Crosses the Border
Once again Joseph receives unexpected news in a dream. This time it is that his life is in danger and that he should flee the country. Herod is out to get the child.
We know that Herod is paranoid from Matthew 2:3:
When King Herod heard this, he was frightened, and all Jerusalem with him; and calling together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he inquired of them where the Messiah was to be born.
Herod “The Great” was what we commonly refer to as a “client king.” The Romans loved to leave locals in charge, just as long as they were obedient, paid taxes to Rome, and made sacrifices to Caesar.
In 37 A.D., Herod marched into Jerusalem and dispelled the Parthian forces on behalf of Rome. Rome rewarded him by naming him “King of the Jews.” Known for his cruelty, Herod ruled with an iron fist. Aslan (“Zealot”) says he began his reign by slaughtering nearly every member of the Sanhedrin, replacing the Temple priests with “fawning admirers.” Herod was known for executing many of his family members, leading Caesar Augustus to offer his well known quote: “I would rather be Herod’s pig than his son.”
Aslan says Herod, “initiated in monumental building and public works project that employed tens of thousands of peasants and day laborers, permanently changing the physical landscape of Jerusalem.” To pay for all this he imposed crushing taxes. There is no record of any mass slaughter of children in any historical records, in Josephus or in any of the other gospels. Matthew alone carries the story for us. Alsan questions the historicity of this event, but this story is certainly in character of the historical Herod. Let us take the story at face value.
The story is a strong parallel to Pharaoh’s slaughter of the children in Exodus 1:15-22. Matthew presents Jesus as the new Moses, and Herod as the new Pharaoh. As Eric Barreto says, “Both Pharaoh and Herod precipitate devastating losses of life yet ultimately fail to prevent the birth of a powerful leader of Israel. Both Moses and Jesus are born under the threat of death; both are guided by God’s protective hand.”
Stanley Hauerwas (“Matthew”) says, “Perhaps no event in the gospel more determinatively challenges the sentimental depiction of Christmas than the death of these children. Jesus is born into a world in which children are killed, and continue to be killed, to protect the power of tyrants.”
Matthew draws upon Hosea 11:1, “Out of Egypt I have called my son,” and Jeremiah 31:15:
This is what the LORD says: “A voice is heard in Ramah, mourning and great weeping, Rachel weeping for her children and refusing to be comforted, because they are no more.”
After a while in Egypt, an angel announces Herod’s death to Joseph. It’s safe to return but it would be a good idea to skirt around Judah. Verse 22 says,
But when he heard that Archelaus was ruling over Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there. And after being warned in a dream, he went away to the district of Galilee.
Herod the great died in 4 B.C. Augustus, fed up with all the uprisings, divided the country among Herod’s three sons. Archelaus was given Judea, Samaria and Idumea. Herod Antipas, “the Fox” who would end up beheading John the Baptist, was given Galilee and Peraea. Philip was given Gaulanitis (the Golan Heights today) and the lands northeast of the sea of Galilee. None of them were given the title of king. They were tetrarchs, which denotes someone in charge of a quarter. The holy family is still in danger from Herod’s son in Judea, so they go further north to Galilee, to Nazareth.
There he made his home in a town called Nazareth, so that what had been spoken through the prophets might be fulfilled, “He will be called a Nazorean.”
He will be called a Nazarene? What prophet is that from? Is Matthew confusing Nazarene with Nazirite, one who takes the vow described in Numbers 6:1-21? This vow required people to abstain from wine, liquor and anything that involves grapes. It also involved cutting the hair on ones head but allowing ones locks to grow. It also involved a ritual bath call a mikveh, and a host of other Jewish purification rites. Paul reluctantly agreed to take one of these vows (Acts 18) to demonstrate his Jewishness to Jesus’ original disciples in Jerusalem.
No one seems to know what prophecy Matthew was referring to here. The text end on a strange note. We know however, that Jesus becomes known far and wide as “Jesus of Nazareth,” not “Jesus of Bethlehem.” We will make more of this later, in the season after epiphany, when Jesus begins his ministry in Galilee, this unknown and unimportant place.
For now, I am intrigued by the idea of Jesus as a refugee. His family is fleeing their country for safety. What if they had been stopped at the border? What if they did not have travel visas, or adequate paperwork? Were they properly documented?
Jesus and his family were immigrants. We do not know how long they lived in Egypt, but they were strangers for a time,in a foreign land. One wonders how they were received. Were they welcomed? Were they treated as outcasts?
We who follow the one who said, “whatever you do to the least of these you do to me,” must be aware that how we treat strangers and immigrants in our land, the laws we pass, the attitudes we convey, is a reflection of how we treat Jesus. When you are looking at the face of an immigrant, you are looking at the face of Jesus. How we relate to the marginalized is how we relate to Jesus.
I am grateful that Jesus and his family could flee to safety in Egypt. I am also hopeful that those who flee persecution can find a safe haven here. I pray those who flee hunger and poverty might find a home here as well. I pray that there will always be room in the inn.
The strangers who sojourn with you shall be to you as the natives among you, and you shall love them as yourself; for you were strangers in the land of Egypt. – Leviticus 19:33-34
